Recurrent miscarriage / recurrent fetal loss (with or without antiphospholipid syndrome)

Version: 3.1
Published: 12 November 2025
Condition for which Ig is not supported.

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Specific Conditions
  • Recurrent miscarriage / recurrent fetal loss (with or without antiphospholipid syndrome)
Level of Evidence Evidence of no probable benefit – more research needed (Category 2b)
The use of Ig therapy is not supported for recurrent miscarriage / recurrent fetal loss (with or without antiphospholipid syndrome). There is no evidence that medium dose IVIg in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage improves live birth rates, and limited evidence that high dose IVIg in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage improves live birth rates. 
Bibliography

Banjar S, Kadour E, Khoudja R et al (2023) ‘Intravenous immunoglobulin use in patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss’, American Journal of Reproductive Immunology, 90(2):e13737, https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.13737.

Empson MB, Lassere M, Craig JC and Scott JR (2005) ‘Prevention of recurrent miscarriage for women with antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant’, Cochrane database of systematic reviews, Issue 2, CD002859, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd002859.pub2.

Wang SW, Zhong SY, Lou LJ et al (2016) ‘The effect of intravenous immunoglobulin passive immunotherapy on unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion: a meta-analysis’, Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 33(6):720-736, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.08.025.

Wong LF, Porter TF and Scott JR (2014) ‘Immunotherapy for recurrent miscarriage’, Cochrane database of systematic reviews, Issue 10, CD000112, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000112.pub3. 

Yamada H, Deguchi M, Saito S et al (2022) ‘Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in women with four or more recurrent pregnancy losses: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial’, EClinicalMedicine, 50:101527, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101527.